Brain dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVFs) are abnormal connections between arteries in the head and the large veins that are found in the covering of the brain (dural sinuses) which are responsible for draining the brain. With this particular condition, there is a direct connection between the arteries and the sinus without any normal capillary mesh between the two.
These fistulae can result from trauma, infections (such as sinus infections or mastoiditis), or from clotting of the vein. In the latter case, the fistula forms when the body tries to reopen the vein. The most dangerous complication of a fistula is rupture of the vein, resulting in hemorrhage in or around the brain.
The symptoms of a fistula can vary. An unusual sound may be heard in one ear (pulsating or humming). If the fistula increases the pressure in the veins responsible for draining the brain, neurological symptoms and headaches may be present.
MRA & MRI may help diagnose this condition, but cerebral angiogram is frequently required for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.
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